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The Science
Fixed scaffold Replikin peptide sequence in H5N1 "Bird Flu" virus conserved since 1959: Proposed origin from the 1917 Goose Replikin peptide; Design of synthetic Bird Flu vaccine from conserved replikins
The current outbreak of high mortality H5N1 "bird flu" in several countries is the cause of some concern because it might represent the first phase of an overdue influenza pandemic. The ability to prepare a vaccine in a timely manner is in doubt because of the egg-based culture methods; and the constant random substitution of amino acids in H5N1 proteins (antigenic drift) is thought not to permit carry-over of an effective vaccine to the next year.
The companies scientists have examined the sequences of the common influenza strain proteins published in PubMed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Rather than the expected universal random substitutions, we identified an unsubstituted fixed scaffold in the hemagglutinin protein. In H5N1, an orderly internal substitution in the scaffold was conserved from 1959 to the present (Figure).
In addition, the company found structural homology with peptides in other influenza strains, H1N1, H1N2, H2N2, H3N2, H5N2, and H7N7, also shown in the Figure. This provides a first glimpse of a memory process which has conserved parts of this peptide sequence scaffold for 86 years, through different strain-dominant epidemics and three influenza pandemics of 1918, 1957, and 1968.
The company has synthesized target peptides, found them to be highly immunogenic, and are now entering the target peptides in multi-strain efficacy vaccine trials.
Identical goose peptide amino acid scaffold in blue; amino acid substitutions in yellow and red.
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